Building Intelligent Cars Using RFID Technology

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Abolmaali Shannon

Abstract

RFID technology is used in various areas such as healthcare, hospitality, transportation, etc. The RFID sensors are deployed on to a car to increase its performance and reduce the fuel consumption. The factors that have to be taken in consideration while using RFID in vehicles include the following: speed control, direction control, maintenance, refueling, handling emergency conditions like theft and accidents. RFID readers are devices that can transmit and receive signals at the same time. High gain directional antennas are used to increase the range of the reader that makes use of equivalent isotropic radiated power using high gain directional antennas. The choice of antenna depends on the maximum allowable radiated power and antenna beam width in UHF Radio frequency Identification bands. There are two types of antenna designs, Bistatic Antenna configuration and Monostatic Antenna configuration. The major difference between the two designs is that Bistatic has two separate antennas for transmission and reception, monostatic has only one antenna. RFID in cars have many applications, one among which is the toll system, so when the car passes the gateway the reader will read the RFID tag from the car, and automatically the toll fee is charged on the car. Another application is lane level navigation, the cars will be having RFID readers and the lanes will be installed with tags. When a car changes lane unnecessarily, a signal will be sent to the transport department and in turn helps in avoiding collision between vehicles. We can use this system for collision avoidance, where the RFID tag is placed on the license plate from which the approaching car can receive signals and vice versa.

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